Small Standalone Photovoltaic Solar Cell System Applications
Small Standalone Photovoltaic Solar Cell System Applications
As the most accessible clean energy, solar energy has a direct or indirect impact on all aspects of our lives. At present, the secondary utilization of solar energy, such as photovoltaic power generation, has been widely used in our daily life. At present, there are many solar beacon lights, railway signal lights, electric fence power supply, black light power supply, radio and television communication equipment power supply, photovoltaic pumping irrigation system and so on.
1. Beacon lights
Navigation lights are navigation facilities for waterways such as rivers, lakes, canals, and reservoirs. The main function is to reflect the channel conditions that meet the needs of shipping, and to point out the direction and boundaries of economical and safe waterways to guide ships to navigate safely and quickly. Solar cell beacon lights have the following advantages:
1. Reliable use and simple maintenance. It can withstand the test of multiple strong winds of eight, nine and even greater.
2. The brightness of the light is stable and the range is guaranteed. It reduces the labor intensity of navigation aid workers; improves the management level of navigation aids and improves the normal rate of lights. The use of solar cells as the power source of beacon lights has become very common in China, and the use effect is good, stable and reliable.
2. Railway signal lights
Railway signal lights are one of the indispensable and important equipments to ensure safe and punctual operation. The silicon solar cell power supply of the special railway signal lamp has reliable operation, stable performance and good use, and satisfactorily solves the power supply problem of the station railway signal lamp without reliable AC power supply.
Railway signal lights are of great significance to ensure the safety and punctuality of railway transportation and gradually realize the modernization of railway transportation. In the environment with harsh terrain and climatic conditions, after using the silicon solar cell lamp, the power supply voltage is stable, the lighting reliability is strong, and the continuity is good, which avoids the phenomenon of light out and doubles the display distance. Using silicon solar cells as the power source, almost no maintenance work is required, and the labor intensity is greatly reduced. The solar cell railway signal light system consists of the following parts:
1. Silicon solar cell array;
2. Battery;
3. Power controller;
4. Signal lamps;
5. Transmission lines;
6. Silicon solar cell array tray, bracket and tracking device.
3. Electric fence power supply
In order to discover animal husbandry and prevent grassland degradation, scientifically zoning and rotational grazing is used to replace backward nomadic methods. The so-called zoning rotation grazing system is to divide a large area of grassland into several districts, and grazing in turns according to districts with a certain number of groups and equal time. In this way, the grazing intensity will not be too large, which is conducive to the renewal and rejuvenation of the grassland.
In order to "rotate grazing", it is necessary to "divide areas", and use fences to enclose each round of pastoral areas. There are drinking water points in the fences. Usually, no one is required to store groups in the fences. Rush to another fence in the plan. Most of the pastoral areas in my country are located in remote areas, sparsely populated, far away from the power grid, and have no AC power available. Therefore, it is a vast world for the promotion and application of solar cells. The use of solar cells can solve the problem of power supply for small equipment in agriculture and animal husbandry.
The electric fence converts the current of the ordinary power supply into a high-voltage main pulse current through a high-voltage pulse generator and then sends it to the iron wire of the fence. When the horn of the livestock touches the iron wire on the fence, it will be shocked by the high-voltage current and quickly avoid it. In this way, after being hit many times, the livestock will establish a conditioned reflex, and will not dare to touch the wire on the fence in the future.
4. Black light power supply
Black insects are the enemy of agricultural and forestry production. Eliminating pests and protecting crops and forests is one of the important measures to improve agricultural and forestry production. The main methods of pest control are biological control, physical control and chemical control.
The application of black light to control pests is a physical control method. Its main advantages are: it can eliminate a large number of effective pest sources, trap many types of pests, a large number, a large number of females, and a high egg-holding rate; it can reduce the amount of pesticides and reduce pollution, which is beneficial to Protect natural enemies; save pesticide expenses, reduce labor, and reduce costs; very little damage to beneficial insects and natural enemies, no contradiction with biological control.
The solar black light power supply consists of the following five parts:
1. Solar cells; 2. Batteries; 3. DC converters; 4. Black light tubes; 5. Brackets and insect collectors.
Five, radio, television, communication equipment power supply
It is very important and necessary to use radio, television and communication equipment in remote mountainous areas, scattered islands and vast grasslands. In these areas, there is generally no AC power supply available. Therefore, the power security of these devices has become a prominent key issue.
If a large number of photovoltaic solar cells are used to generate electricity, and the corresponding energy storage batteries are used to store the excess electricity during the day for use at night. This effectively solves the problem of electricity consumption in these areas, as well as the lack of radio, television, Internet and other problems. It can not only improve the quality of life of the local people, but also effectively consolidate our national defense.
6. Photovoltaic pumping irrigation system
Most of my country's Tibet, southern Xinjiang, Qinghai and western Inner Mongolia are dry and drier, with scarce rivers, lack of surface water, and groundwater buried below 10 meters, but with abundant reserves, and these areas are rich in solar energy resources, and the irrigation season is the peak solar season. , so it is very beneficial to use solar energy for water-lifting irrigation.
The photovoltaic water pumping system mainly includes three parts: solar power source, water pump and inverter, water storage and water distribution system.
Photovoltaic pumping irrigation systems can generally be used in occasions with large water demands. It can be set scattered or set close to the water site. The parameter selection of irrigation equipment depends on the solar radiation, air temperature, pump output of the specific site, and external conditions in mechanical technology.
7. Application of solar cells in cathodic protection
Generally buried natural gas or other pipelines will corrode if they are soaked for a long time in an environment with soil characteristics similar to electrolytes, which will seriously affect their safety and service life, especially during long-distance transmission. Maintenance and inspection are difficult due to the long pipes.
In order to prevent or slow down the corrosion of the pipeline, when laying the pipeline, a small solar panel can be installed as a DC power supply at a certain distance. It protects the metal pipeline of the cathode by sacrificing the anode together with the auxiliary anode. Therefore, it is the most effective and economical method to provide DC power supply with solar arrays for segmental protection of a metal pipeline of tens of kilometers or longer.
Metals used under various conditions are generally subject to two types of corrosion, namely chemical corrosion and electrochemical corrosion. Chemical corrosion is caused by the contact between the metal and the medium, and its characteristic is that no current is generated during the action;
Electrochemical corrosion is another type of extremely extensive corrosion. It is caused by the fact that when the metal surface is in contact with an electrolyte solution (such as water and soil), the potential on the metal surface is not the same. Forms corrosion galvanic cells. Therefore, the electrochemical corrosion process can be regarded as consisting of the following three links:
1. The cathode metal dissolves into ions into the solution, that is, Me→Me+ +e- (anodic process).
2. Electrons flow from the anode to the cathode through the metal.
3. At the cathode, the flowing electrons are accepted by the substance (D) in the solution that can absorb electrons, that is, e-+D→[D, e-] (cathode process).
The above three links are interrelated and indispensable. If one of the links stops. Then the whole corrosion process will stop. Electrochemical corrosion produces electric current, so it is possible to protect metal pipes from corrosion by the applied current method.
It connects the negative pole of the DC power supply to the protected metal pipe, so that the entire surface of the protected metal is uniformly cathode, and the positive pole is connected to insoluble materials such as graphite, high silicon iron, carbon iron gas, lead-silver alloy, On the auxiliary anode composed of platinized titanium or the like.
When the applied drive voltage is higher than the minimum protection potential required by the metal, the pipe is in the current protection range. For remote areas, it is economical and convenient to use solar cells as a DC power source.