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Electric vehicle power inverter working principle
Electric vehicles have 12V DC batteries, while trucks have 24V batteries. To use power from the vehicle, plug a DC-to-AC power inverter into the car's cigarette lighter or connect directly to the battery to convert the battery current to AC at the appropriate voltage. It is worth remembering that car lighter sockets are usually protected by a 10A fuse, which means we can connect devices with a maximum power of 100-120W. The current consumption is large and the inverter should be connected directly to the battery.




Electric vehicle power inverters are compact and handy devices that won't clutter our fully loaded holiday car. Correctly chosen size of the device allows it to be placed between the seats and allows access to the socket from anywhere. Electric vehicle power inverters typically take the form of a rectangular or cylindrical box equipped with one or more power sockets that are connected to the vehicle by cables. High-quality inverters are equipped with short-circuit protection, overload protection and over-temperature protection. This makes their use completely safe. There are two main types of electric vehicle power inverters.




Pure Sine Wave Inverter - Designed for equipment that requires continuous power supply. For example, in the case of camping, we would use such a converter to run a refrigerator or air conditioner. The sinusoidal voltage waveform allows you to watch TV and even run the pump without unnecessary distractions. It is also suitable for powering power tools. Pure sine wave electric vehicle power inverters cover a wider range of applications, which unfortunately is reflected in the price of the device.


A modified sine wave inverter, whose waveform is very similar to the shape of a sine wave, is not suitable for powering induction equipment and equipment equipped with electric motors. However, they will manage to power a laptop or an electric heater. Therefore, such a device will meet the most pressing needs of vacation travel at a relatively low cost.




Choosing an Inverter for Electric Vehicles - What Parameters Need Special Attention?


In order to choose the inverter that best suits our needs, it is important to be familiar with the basic technical parameters of the device. This will allow the device to be used safely and provide sufficient power.




Inverter power - Each unit is characterized by its power rating and maximum power (eg, 600W/1000W). The first is the continuous output power, which refers to the power that the inverter maintains for a long time. This power should not be used at full, but should be around 85% for long-term operation. The second value corresponds to the instantaneous output power, i.e. lasting less than a second. It allows more power to be consumed during device startup. It is also important to select the inverter according to the needs of the user. Oversized inverters will discharge car batteries faster;


Inverter cooling - In the case of high power equipment, an efficient cooling system is a very important element of the inverter. A fan will protect the device from overheating;


Number of sockets - most common are designs with one or two power sockets;


Inverter size - the right size allows the device to fit comfortably in the limited space of the car;


Necessary protections such as overheating or short circuit protection will allow safe use of the device and protect powered equipment.


A very interesting feature of modern automotive inverters is automatic restart, which is activated when overload protection is activated or when the voltage drops unexpectedly. Without realizing this, the user may ignore the automatic shutdown of the appliance and fail to start and defrost the refrigerator in time.